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The following physics responses are provided by a student and, as such, should be considered in that context. While every effort is made for accuracy, absolute correctness cannot be fully guaranteed.
| C | I | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | A 4-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic process where it expands and does 20 J of work on its environment. How much heat is received by the system? | zero | |
| 12 | A 4-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic process where it expands and does 20 J of work on its environment. What is its change in internal energy? | -20 J | |
| 12 | A 5-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic free expansion (a rapid expansion into a vacuum), going from an initial volume of 10 L to a final volume of 20 L. How much work is done on the system during this adiabatic free expansion? | zero | |
| 12 | A Carnot engine runs between a hot reservoir at Th and a cold reservoir at Tc. If one of the temperatures is either increased or decreased by 3.5 K, which of the following changes would increase the efficiency by the greatest amount? | decreasing Tc | |
| 12 | A closed 2.0-L container holds 3.0 mol of an ideal gas. If 200 J of heat is added, what is the change in internal energy of the system? | 200 J | |
| 12 | A cylinder containing an ideal gas has a volume of 2.0 m3 and a pressure of 1.0*10^5 Pa at a temperature of 300 K. The cylinder is placed against a metal block that is maintained at 900 K and the gas expands as the pressure remains constant until the temperature of the gas reaches 900 K. The change in internal energy of the gas is +6.0*10^5 J. How much heat did the gas absorb? | 10*10^5 J | |
| 12 | A cylinder containing an ideal gas has a volume of 2.0 m3 and a pressure of 1.0*10^5 Pa at a temperature of 300 K. The cylinder is placed against a metal block that is maintained at 900 K and the gas expands as the pressure remains constant until the temperature of the gas reaches 900 K. The change in internal energy of the gas is 6.0*10^5 J. Find the change in entropy of the block associated with the heat transfer to the gas. | -1100 J/K | |
| 12 | A gasoline engine with an efficiency of 30.0% operates between a high temperature T1 and a low temperature T2 = 320 K. If this engine operates with Carnot efficiency, what is the high-side temperature T1? | 457 K | |
| 12 | A heat engine exhausts 3 000 J of heat while performing 1 500 J of useful work. What is the efficiency of the engine? | 33% | |
| 12 | A heat engine operating between a pair of hot and cold reservoirs with respective temperatures of 500 K and 200 K will have what maximum efficiency? | 60% | |
| 12 | A heat engine receives 6000 J of heat from its combustion process and loses 4000 J through the exhaust and friction. What is its efficiency? | 33% | |
| 12 | A person consumes 2 500 kcal/day while expending 3 500 kcal/day. In a month's time, about how much weight would this person lose if the loss were essentially all from body fat? (Body fat has an energy content of about 4 100 kcal per pound.) | 7 pounds | |
| 12 | A pound of body fat has an energy content of about 4 100 kcal. If a 1 400-kg automobile had an equivalent amount of translational kinetic energy, how fast would it be moving? (0.447 m/s = 1 mph, 1 kcal = 4 186 J) | 350 mph | |
| 12 | A quantity of monatomic ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0 liters to 6.0 liters. If the initial pressure is P0, what is the final pressure? | 0.16 P0 | |
| 12 | A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of 4.0. When removing 2.4*10^4 J from inside the refrigerator, how much energy is sent into the environment? | 3.0*10^4 J |
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