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The following physics responses are provided by a student and, as such, should be considered in that context. While every effort is made for accuracy, absolute correctness cannot be fully guaranteed.
| C | I | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | On a P-V diagram, if a process involves a closed curve, the area inside the curve represents: 1) internal energy. 2) heat. 3) work. 4) zero. 5) power | Work | |
| 12 | On an average diet, the consumption of 10 liters of oxygen releases how much energy? (4.8 kcal are released per liter of oxygen consumed.) | 200 kJ | |
| 12 | One kilogram of water at 1.00 atm at the boiling point of 100°C is heated until all the water vaporizes. What is its change in entropy? (For water, Lv = 2.26*10^6 J/kg) | 6060 J/K | |
| 12 | Suppose a power plant uses a Carnot engine to generate electricity, using the atmosphere at 300 K as the low-temperature reservoir. Suppose the power plant produces 1*10^6 J of electricity with the hot reservoir at 500 K during Day One and then produces 1*10^6 J of electricity with the hot reservoir at 600 K during Day Two. The thermal pollution was: 1) greatest on Day One. 2) greatest on Day Two. 3) the same on both days. 4) zero on both days. 5) No conclusion can be made with the information given. | greatest on Day One. | |
| 12 | The adiabatic index of a gas is given by which of the following? 1) C_P /C_V 2) C_V /C_P 3) C_P - C_V 4) C_P + C_V 5) (C_P + C_V)/2 | C_P / C_V | |
| 12 | The Carnot cycle consists of a combination of ____ and ____ processes. 1) isobaric, isovolumetric 2) isovolumetric, adiabatic 3) isobaric, isothermal 4) adiabatic, isothermal 5) isobaric, adiabatic | adiabatic, isothermal | |
| 12 | The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between 100°C and 0°C is most nearly: 1) 7% 2) 15% 3) 27% 4) 51% 5) 62% | 27% | |
| 12 | The maximum theoretical thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine operating between hot and cold reservoirs is a function of which of the following? 1) hot reservoir temperature only 2) cold reservoir temperature only 3) both hot and cold reservoir temperatures 4) hot and cold reservoir volumes. 5) None of the above choices are valid. | both hot and cold reservoir temperatures | |
| 12 | The P-V diagram of a cyclic process shows a curve that encloses an area. The work done by the heat engine, represented by the enclosed area, is positive when the path around the area proceeds in which of the following fashions? 1) clockwise 2) counterclockwise 3) It is always positive. 4) It is always negative. 5) It is always zero. | clockwise | |
| 12 | The surface of the Sun is at approximately 5 700 K and the temperature of the Earth's surface is about 290 K. What total entropy change occurs when 1 000 J of heat energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth? | 3.27 J/K | |
| 12 | The volume of an ideal gas changes from 0.40 to 0.55 m^3 although its pressure remains constant at 50 000 Pa. What work is done on the system by its environment? | -7500 J | |
| 12 | What is the change in entropy (ΔS) when one mole of silver (108 g) is completely melted at 961°C? (The heat of fusion of silver is 8.82*10^4 J/kg.) | 7.72 J/K | |
| 12 | What is the work done on the gas as it expands from pressure P1 and volume V1 to pressure P2 and volume V2 along the indicated straight line? | (P1 + P2)(V1 - V2)/2 | |
| 12 | When considering human metabolism in terms of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics, which of the following represents the metabolic rate? 1) ΔU / Δt 2) ΔQ / Δt 3) W / Δt 4) ΔW / Δt 5) U / Δt | ΔU/Δt | |
| 12 | When gasoline is burned, it gives off 46 000 J/g of heat energy. If an automobile uses 13.0 kg of gasoline per hour with an efficiency of 21%, what is the average horsepower output of the engine? ( 1 hp = 746 W) | 47 hp |
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